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Anatomy Of Flowering Plants – Class 11 Notes For NEET

INTRODUCTION
🔸Plant anatomy is a branch of botany which deals with the study of internal structures and
organization of plants.

🔸Nehemiah Grew is known as the father of plant anatomy.

🔸And K.A. Chaudhary is known as the father of Indian plant anatomy.

TISSUE
🔸A group of cells which is similar or dissimilar in shape, having common origin and
usually performing a common function is called tissue.

🔸Term tissue was coined by Nehemiah Grew.

🔸Tissues are divided into two groups by Carl Nageli on the basis of stage of development–
meristematic and permanent.

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MERISTEMATIC TISSUE
🔸Meristematic tissues is a simple plant tissue in which growth in plants is largely restricted to specialised regions of active cell division.

🔸Meristem is a localised region in which actual cell division occurs.

CHARACTERISTICS OF MERISTEMATIC TISSUES
🔸The Meristematic tissues or meristem is an undifferentiated tissue.

🔸Cell cycle of meristem is in continuous state of division. It means that they have the capacity to divide. So, meristematic tissue is composed of the immature cells.

🔸The Meristematic cells have only primary cell wall which is thin and flexible (elastic) and
made up of cellulose. Secondary cell wall is absent.

🔸Cells of meristem are small and isodiametric and they have dense cytoplasm.

🔸Normally, vacuoles are absent in meristematic cells but if present then small.

🔸They have prominent and large nucleus.

🔸Meristematic cells are metabolically highly active so they lack reserve food.

🔸Plastids are absent in meristems. If they are present, then only in the proplastid stage.

🔸They do not have intercellular spaces. Cells are closely fitted packed together. So, it is a
compact tissue.

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