Redox reactions important points : Redox reactions involves transfer of electrons between reactants, where one substance is oxidized and the other is reduced.
Oxidation is loss of electrons, while reduction is gain of electrons. Redox reactions can be balanced using half-reaction method, and they are used in batteries, fuel cells, biological systems, chemical synthesis, and industry.
Redox reactions are identified by a change in oxidation state, and they can be used to produce the energy or create new compounds.
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NCERT Chemistry Clas 11 Chapter 8 – Redox reactions important points 25 Important Points
There are 25 important points on Redox reactions –
- Redox reactions involves the transfer of electrons between the reactants.
- The term “redox” comes from words “reduction” and “oxidation”.
- Reduction is the gain of the electrons by a substance, while oxidation is the loss of electrons.
- Redox reactions always occur in pairs: one substance gets oxidized while the other gets reduced.
- The substance that is oxidized is called as the reducing agent, while the substance that is reduced is called as the oxidizing agent.
- The reducing agent loses the electrons and becomes more positive, while oxidizing agent gains the electrons and becomes more negative.
- Redox reactions can be identified by presence of a change in oxidation state.
- Oxidation state refers to hypothetical charge that an atom would have if all the electrons in a compound were equally shared.
- Element in its elemental form has an oxidation state of 0.
- The sum of oxidation states in a neutral compound is 0.
- The sum of oxidation states in an ion is equal to the ion’s charge.
- The more electronegative the element in a compound is assigned a negative oxidation state.
- Redox reactions can be balanced using half-reaction method.
- In half-reaction method, the oxidation and reduction reactions are written separately.
- Electrons are added to oxidation half-reaction to balance the charges, while electrons are removed from the reduction half-reaction.
- The balanced half-reactions are then combined to form overall balanced redox reaction.
- Redox reactions can be used to produce the electricity in batteries.
- In a battery, oxidation occurs at anode, while reduction occurs at cathode.
- Redox reactions can also be used to generate the energy in fuel cells.
- In a fuel cell, hydrogen is oxidized at anode, while oxygen is reduced at the cathode.
- Redox reactions are important in the biological systems, as they are involved in the cellular respiration and photosynthesis.
- Cellular respiration involves oxidation of glucose to produce ATP.
- Photosynthesis involves reduction of carbon dioxide to produce glucose.
- Redox reactions can also be used in the chemical synthesis to create new compounds.
- Redox reactions are widely used in the industry, for example, in production of metals and in the manufacture of chemicals such as chlorine and hydrogen peroxide.
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